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Betting variance calculator: how many bets to prove an edge?

Even a real edge produces long losing runs. Enter your average odds, your edge and a number of bets to see the range of results that is normal, the chance of being in profit and how many bets it takes before the edge shows through the noise.

Expected profit (1 unit per bet)
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Typical swing (1 standard deviation)
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95% of results fall between
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Chance of being in profit
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Bets to show the edge with 95% confidence
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A normal approximation with flat stakes of 1 unit. It assumes your edge is real; it can't tell you whether it is.

How to use it

Why a few hundred bets prove almost nothing

At odds of 2.00 with a real edge of 3%, 500 bets are expected to make +15 units, but the typical swing is about ±22 units. 95% of results fall between roughly −29 and +59 units, and about one time in four you'd be losing money after 500 bets despite the edge. It takes around 4,300 bets before a 3% edge at those odds shows with 95% confidence.

OddsEdgeBetsExpected95% rangeChance of profit
2.003%500+15.0 u−28.8 → +58.8 u74.9%
2.003%2,000+60.0 u−27.6 → +147.6 u91.0%
3.003%500+15.0 u−47.4 → +77.4 u68.1%

Longer odds swing more: at 3.00 the same edge needs about twice as many bets to show.

Why closing line value converges faster than profit

Profit depends on which bets happen to win; closing line value only depends on whether your price beat the fair closing price. That makes CLV a much faster signal of a real edge: see closing line value and the CLV calculator.

What it can't tell you

The calculator assumes your edge is real and the same on every bet. If your edge estimate is wrong, the range is wrong too. Use it to set expectations and stakes, together with sensible bankroll management.

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Frequently asked questions

How many bets do I need to know if I have an edge?

It depends on your odds and your edge. At odds of 2.00 and a 3% edge, around 4,300 bets for 95% confidence; at longer odds or smaller edges, more.

Can I lose money with a positive edge?

Yes, often over hundreds of bets. A positive edge only shows in the long run.

Why use flat stakes?

Flat stakes keep the maths simple and make results depend on your edge, not on which bets you staked more on.

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